Perintah-perintah Pada SQL- materi uji kompetensi
pada uji kompetensi
khususnya mahasiswa informatika pasti ,akan
menemui yang namanya sql .. dalam pembuatan database pada pemrograman visual basic, delphi java
dll ...
berikut Perintah-perintah Pada SQL. Sebelumnya, MySQL merupakan software database open
source yang paling populer di dunia, dimana saat ini digunaan lebih dari 100
juta pengguna di seluruh dunia. SQL adalah bahasa yang digunakan dalam
pembuatan databasenya tersebut.
Berikut gan ini dia perintah-perintah pada SQL tersebut.
SQL Statement
|
Syntax
|
AND / OR
|
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name WHERE condition AND|OR condition |
ALTER TABLE
|
ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD column_name datatypeor
ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP COLUMN column_name |
AS (alias)
|
SELECT column_name AS column_alias
FROM table_nameor
SELECT column_name
FROM table_name AS table_alias |
BETWEEN
|
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2 |
CREATE DATABASE
|
CREATE DATABASE database_name
|
CREATE TABLE
|
CREATE TABLE table_name
( column_name1 data_type, column_name2 data_type, column_name2 data_type, … ) |
CREATE INDEX
|
CREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)or
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name) |
CREATE VIEW
|
CREATE VIEW view_name AS
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition |
DELETE
|
DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE some_column=some_valueor
DELETE FROM table_name
(Note: Deletes the entire table!!)
DELETE * FROM table_name
(Note: Deletes the entire table!!) |
DROP DATABASE
|
DROP DATABASE database_name
|
DROP INDEX
|
DROP INDEX table_name.index_name (SQL Server)
DROP INDEX index_name ON table_name (MS Access) DROP INDEX index_name (DB2/Oracle) ALTER TABLE table_name DROP INDEX index_name (MySQL) |
DROP TABLE
|
DROP TABLE table_name
|
GROUP BY
|
SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value GROUP BY column_name |
HAVING
|
SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value GROUP BY column_name HAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value |
IN
|
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name WHERE column_name IN (value1,value2,..) |
INSERT INTO
|
INSERT INTO table_name
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,….)or
INSERT INTO table_name
(column1, column2, column3,…) VALUES (value1, value2, value3,….) |
INNER JOIN
|
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1 INNER JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
LEFT JOIN
|
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1 LEFT JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
RIGHT JOIN
|
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1 RIGHT JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
FULL JOIN
|
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1 FULL JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name |
LIKE
|
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name WHERE column_name LIKE pattern |
ORDER BY
|
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC] |
SELECT
|
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name |
SELECT *
|
SELECT *
FROM table_name |
SELECT DISTINCT
|
SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s)
FROM table_name |
SELECT INTO
|
SELECT *
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase] FROM old_table_nameor
SELECT column_name(s)
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase] FROM old_table_name |
SELECT TOP
|
SELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s)
FROM table_name |
TRUNCATE TABLE
|
TRUNCATE TABLE table_name
|
UNION
|
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2 |
UNION ALL
|
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION ALL SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2 |
UPDATE
|
UPDATE table_name
SET column1=value, column2=value,… WHERE some_column=some_value |
WHERE
|
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value |
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